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Three sectors of the economy


The government usually has a significant role in economic activity. As economic actors, the government can act as producers and consumers. As a producer, the government provides goods and services primarily to serve the public interest. Examples of health services and community education. In addition, the government also produce goods and services, especially concerning the livelihood of the public, such as electricity, telecommunications, transportation, mining, and fuel distribution. Government economic activity has resulted in no flow of goods and services from the government.

To result in services and public facilities, the government would need goods and services and factors of production. Goods and services derived from the company can be a car, paper, stationery, staff uniforms, and other goods or services used to support services to the community. Factors of production from households can be either civil service personnel, and investment from the public. So, there is the flow of money from the government to pay for goods and services for companies and pay remuneration for domestic factors of production.

The government is also paying for premium subsidies and support services to the community. These payments can be provided to households and enterprises with the aim of improving the welfare of society. For example the fertilizer subsidy to farmers, subsidizing the price of rice, and so forth.

Most sources of funds obtained by the government to finance all the expenses derived from taxes paid by households and firms. In this case there is a flow of funds or money into government coffers from households and firms.

Type of production or production areas


Viewed from its production activities:
a. Extractive: namely the production activities in which humans live to take the goods provided by nature (there is due to natural processes). Example: mining, quarrying, marine fisheries, and hunting.
b. Agriculture: the production activity in which men have to do natural farming activities, then take the result. Examples: agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, plantation, etc..
c. Industry: namely the production activities in which humans must perform activities of processing of goods: basic goods – raw goods – finished goods.
d. Trade: the production activity in which men perform activities of purchasing, storing and then reselling.
e. Services: namely the production activity in which men perform activities such services.

Understanding business and enterprise


Business is a corporation tool for profit, the form of factories, shops, workshops, printing, and so forth.
Business entity that is the unity of organization consisting of capital and labor, with the aim of making profit. Form of CV, PT, FA, or cooperatives.

- The characteristics of business entities
Business entity has the following characteristics:
a. making profit with fulfilling the public ends meet
b. use of capital or labor in any efforts
c. under a leader

- The company’s goal
Namely:
a. Gain or profit as much as possible
b. Producing goods and services
c. Maintaining the viability of the company
d. Accommodate labor

- Various kinds of business entities
a. viewed from the nature of business entities
1. agricultural enterprises, such as plantation
2. extractive enterprises, such as mining
3. industrial enterprises, raw material or semi-finished converted into ready-made goods
4. trading enterprises, which utilize distributors and trading of goods
5. services enterprise, which provide services

b. viewed from the perspective of capital ownership
1. state enterprises
2. private enterprise (can foreign and national)
3. mix enterprise (from private and government)

c. viewed from its legal entity
1. individual companies, ie private enterprises with their own capital
2. firm (FA), the agreement between two or more persons to establish and run the company on behalf of and their respective responsibilities for the company debts
3. alliance partnership (CV), which is communion of two persons or more to run a company where one or more full responsibility for the company’s debts, and the person responsible was limited to the capital included
4. limited liability company (PT), namely trade union whose capital is divided into shares of the same magnitude and have limited responsibilities included capital
5. cooperatives, is the economic organization of the people that having social character, consisting of persons or corporate cooperative, which is a good economic arrangement as a joint effort, based on the principle of kinship
6. state company, is a state company that shelter under one department and its capital comes from the state budget department.

Scarcity of Satisfiers Equipment Needs


Creation and processing of objects to be more useful to meet human needs require an effort or production, by shedding basic material, energy, thoughts, time, equipment, money and expertise, all of which called productive resources.
Natural Resources: is the object and the available power in the universe, which directly or indirectly can be used to make ends meet, for example: soil, water, sunlight, mining goods, etc..
Human resources: human resources include physical and spiritual energy needed to extract and process natural resources, to become a more useful object. Capital resources: are goods (tools) that can be used to produce other goods, for example: money, raw materials, machinery, tools, etc..
Entrepreneurship: is the human resource that unites the three resources (natural, labor, and capital) and are responsible for the smooth production.
The factors that cause scarcity are: natural resources are limited, amount of natural resources damaged by human activities, the limited ability of human, human needs is increasing faster than satisfiers Equipment Needs.

Basic Economic Problems

There are three principal economic problem, namely: production, consumption and distribution. Production, comes to the business or activities to create or increase the usefulness of an object. Consumption, involving spending or reduce the usefulness of an object. Distribution, delivering activity of goods from producers to consumers.
The principal problem was further expanded by the flow of modern economics, ie what and how many, how, and to whom the goods are produced.

What and whom. This issue involves the question of type and quantity of goods / services that need to be manufactured to suit the needs of the community: whether a food that is selected? – Whether clothing, shelter or other services? – And how many goods are produced?

How. After the type and amount of production is selected, the problem to be solved is: how goods are produced? – Who is producing? -What resources are used? – What technology is used?

To whom. After solving the question of how to produce more information is: for whom goods to be manufactured? – Who should be enjoying?

Factors that affect the economic life in Southeast Asia


Economic life in the region of Southeast Asia is influenced by several factors, among others, as follows:

1. Natural resources
The wealth of natural resources has an effect on economic growth most of the countries in Southeast Asia. Whether through forestry, agriculture, plantation, fishery and mining. The existence of natural resource abundance has encouraged the industry, trade, and tourism. This three business sectors generating many foreign exchange for the country.

2. Human resources
Large population in Southeast Asia are very necessary for industries that require many labor. However, do not mean with a large number of people will automatically became the capital in industrial activity. Of course that is needed is a qualified resident. In addition, large population represents a potential market for disseminating the results of the industry.

3. Geographical Location
Location of Southeast Asia is strategically helped influence the ease and smoothness of movement of goods and capital. Given the location of Southeast Asia, flanked by two continents, Asia and Australia, and two oceans the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Thus, the location of Southeast Asia are on track of international trade.

4. Political stability and security
Southeast Asia that is relatively stable and peaceful has an effect on economic life of each country. Because this may be a continuity of business, both in industry and in other fields.

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